Notes+Tobacco,+Alcohol,+Other+Drugs

Classification of Medicine:

Relieve Pain Fight Pathogens Help the Heart and Blood Pressure Prevent Disease

Medicines that Prevent Disease A. Vaccines B. Antitoxins When taking an antibiotic: 1. Avoid skipping a dose 2. Finish the entire supply 3. Familiarize yourself with do's and don'ts
 * Immunizations stimulate the body to produce specific antibodies against disease
 * Injected in humans to neutralize the effect of toxins caused by tetanus and diphteria

III. Medicines that Fight Pathogens are called ANTIBIOTICS

IV. Cardiovascular Medicine: 5 Main Types of Medicine and what do they do? 1. beta blockers - slow the heart beat and lower the blood pressure 2. diuretics - increase urine output to reduce water and salt int eh body 3. vasodilators - dialate veins and arteries to increase blood flow and oxygen flow 4. antiarrhythmics - treat arrythmia and regulate the heart beat 5. clot dissolving - lower the blood pressure and prevent blood clots

V. Medicines that Relieve Pain or analgesics: 1. aspirin - over the counter 2. acetaminophen (tylenol) ibuprofen (advil) - OTC - over the counter 3. synergistic effect - interaction of 2 medications that work better together than alone 4. antagonistic interaction - effect of medicine is canceled or reduced with another medicine

Other problems: 1. tolerance - body becomes used to the effect 2. withdrawal - process occurs when someone discontinues medication that he or she has a physiological dependence to

VII. How do you use medicine safely? 1. ask questions 2. read the label 3. practice safety 4. become a partner in health care

__Lesson 2 Using Medicines Wisely:__ VIII. prescription medicines - cannot be used safely without written approval of a physician

What does FDA stand for Food and Drug Administration

Over-the-Counter medicines - buy without a prescription in a store

IX. Medicine Misuse

Define misuse - using a medicine in a way other than intended (ex.) ritalin

6 Types of Misuse: 1. giving prescription to someone else 2. taking too much or too little 3. taking someone elses medication 4. discontinue without doctor's permission 5. taking it longer than prescribed 6. mixing medication

X. What does it mean when the FDA approves a medicine? The medicine is safe when used as directed.

__Tobacco Notes:__ Addiction - physiological or psychological dependence on a substance or activity Nicotime - addictive drug in cigarettes (stimulant) Stimulant - drug that increases the central nervous system Tar - dark, sticky substance produced when a cigarette burns Carcinogens - cancer causing substances Carbon monoxide - colorless, odorless, poisonous gas in cigarette smoke Smokeless Tobacco - tobacco sniffed or chewed

__Alcohol__ Ethanol - type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages Fermentation - chemical action of yeast on sugars Depressant - slows down the central nervous system (CNS) Intoxication - physical and mental impairment from drinking DWI - .08 Driving While Intoxicated Zero Tolerance - .02 to .07 6 month license suspension, $125 fine, $100 suspension fee BAC - blood alcohol concentration - measure of alcohol in your blood FAS - fetal alcohol syndrome - babies born to mom's who drink have smaller heads, facial deformity, abnormal joints and limbs, problems with learning and memory DWAI - Driving While Ability Impaired DUI - Driving Under the Influence

12 oz beer, 5 oz wine, 1.5 oz of 80 proof alcohol - all contain the same amount of alcohol and register the same on breathalyzer